Ecosystems are major carbon sinks, but growing concerns over decreasing resilience and catastrophic tipping points have prompted calls for biosphere stewardship with stronger focus on ecosystem resilience-building strategies that reduce vulnerability to climate-linked shocks such as droughts, fires, or pest outbreaks. However, it is poorly understood whether known resilience promoters are effective in novel ecosystems and if and how their effects can be strengthened. In RT3, we therefore test if enhancing species diversity and ecological complexity in novel ecosystems improves their climate change mitigation value and its climate resilience.
